Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 2 de 2
Filter
Add filters








Year range
1.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 38(3): 166-174, 15/09/2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362572

ABSTRACT

The same correspondence between general mechanics and civil engineering is true for biomechanics and surgical implants. Currently, numerous mechanical processes are required until a prosthesis is offered to its target audience. These processes typically require human or animal vertebrae, as well as all the complexity involving such tissues, for example, an ethics committee, the availabilityofmaterials, etc. Thus,finite elementmodels (FEMs) havebecome a great option to carry out biomechanical tests independently from anatomical specimens, and, at the same time, to obtain mathematical data to assist in the general physical understanding. The present review discusses the mechanical principles involved in bioengineering, clarifies the steps for the development of FEMs, and shows application scenarios for thesemodels. To the knowledge of the authors, the present paper is the first review study in Portuguese aimed to health care professionals in a language accessible to them.


Subject(s)
Spine/physiology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Finite Element Analysis , Pedicle Screws , Prostheses and Implants
2.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 35(1): 18-30, Mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-827165

ABSTRACT

A estenose do canal vertebral lombar (ECL) é uma patologia complexa, com alta incidência entre pessoas acima de 65 anos de idade. No entanto, o diagnóstico correto é, por vezes, difícil de ser confirmado. O uso de modelos de Inteligência Articial (IA) na medicina é, em geral, desconhecida para a maioria da comunidade médica, mas tem sido usada há décadas na assistência em UTI, os métodos de imagem e dispositivos de diagnóstico eletrônico (ECG). Através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com foco nos achados clínicos e radiológicos, juntamente com todas as modalidades de tratamento, foi possível identicar o ambiente completo de pacientes LSS, para responder a quatro questões: (a) "Com base no quadro clínico, o paciente tem um, cenário moderado ou grave?"; (b) "Com base nos dados radiológicos, o paciente pode ser classicado com um cenário leve,moderada ou grave?"; (c) "Qual é a probabilidade, com base na anamnese, do paciente ter ECL?"; (d) "Qual é o melhor tratamento a ser oferecido?".þ. Como auxílio de um software usando Sistema Especialista (Expert Sinta), uma linguagem de IA, alocamos todas as variáveis e seus valores para orientar o software responder às quatro perguntas. Foi possível identicar 657 artigos cientícos, no entanto apenas 63 poderia mencionar não apenas as variáveis, mas a sua probabilidade de ocorrência ou teve disponibilidade texto completo. Foi possível classicar a intensidade do quadro clínico e radiológico, criar um índice de probabilidade para LSS e oferecer o melhor tratamento. Recomendamos o uso, sob supervisão médica, em de Neurocirurgia ou clínicas ortopédicas como um conselheiro para os pacientes com ELA.


The lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a complex pathology with high incidence among people above 65 years old. However, the correct diagnose is sometimes difcult to perform. The use of Articial Intelligence (AI) models in medicine is, in general, unfamiliar for the majority of medical community, but has been used for decades in assistance in ICUs, image methods and electronic diagnostic devices (EKG). Through a systematic literature review focused in the clinical and radiological ndings, in addition to all treatmentmodalities, we identied the complete environment of LSS patients, to answer four questions. (a) "Based on the clinical presentation, the patient has a mild, moderate or severe scenario?", (b) "Based on the radiological data, the patient can be classied having a mild, moderate or severe scenario?", (c) "What is the probability, based on the anamneses, the patient has LSS?", and (d) "What is the best treatment to be offered?".With the aid of a software using Expert System (Expert Sinta), a language of AI, we allocate all the variables and their values to orient the software to answer the four questions. It was possible to identify 657 scientic articles, however only 63 could mention not only the variables, but their occurrence probability or had full text availability. It was possible to classify the intensity the clinical and radiological scenario, create a probability index for LSS and offer the best treatment. We recommend the use, under medical supervision, in neurosurgery or orthopedic clinics as an adviser for patients with LSS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Spinal Stenosis/diagnosis , Spinal Stenosis/therapy , Expert Systems , Artificial Intelligence , Lumbar Vertebrae
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL